Title | Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes Used by the EHT Collaboration |
Authors | Prather, Ben S. Dexter, Jason Moscibrodzka, Monika Pu, Hung-Yi Bronzwaer, Thomas Davelaar, Jordy Younsi, Ziri Gammie, Charles F. Gold, Roman Wong, George N. Akiyama, Kazunori Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Algaba, Juan Carlos Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Bach, Uwe Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Balokovic, Mislav Barrett, John Bauboeck, Michi A. Benson, Bradford Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond L. Bouman, Katherine C. Bower, Geoffrey Boyce, Hope Bremer, Michael D. Brinkerink, Christiaan Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke E. Broderick, Avery Broguiere, Dominique Bustamante, Sandra Byun, Do-Young E. Carlstrom, John Ceccobello, Chiara Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-kwan O. Chang, Dominic Chatterjee, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Cheng, Xiaopeng Cho, Ilje Christian, Pierre S. Conroy, Nicholas E. Conway, John M. Cordes, James M. Crawford, Thomas B. Crew, Geoffrey Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu De Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dempsey, Jessica Desvignes, Gregory Dhruv, Vedant S. Doeleman, Sheperd Dougal, Sean A. Dzib, Sergio P. Eatough, Ralph Emami, Razieh Falcke, Heino Farah, Joseph L. Fish, Vincent Fomalont, Ed Ford, H. Alyson Fraga-Encinas, Raquel T. Freeman, William Friberg, Per M. Fromm, Christian Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter Garcia, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris Goddi, Ciriaco I. Gomez-Ruiz, Arturo Gomez, Jose L. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Haworth, Kari H. Hecht, Michael Hesper, Ronald Heumann, Dirk C. Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei H. Hughes, David Ikeda, Shiro Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara J. James, David T. Jannuzi, Buell Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra D. Johnson, Michael Jorstad, Svetlana V. Joshi, Abhishek Jung, Taehyun Karami, Mansour Karuppusamy, Ramesh Kawashima, Tomohisa K. Keating, Garrett Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Kocherlakota, Prashant Kofuji, Yutaro Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Carsten Kramer, Michael P. Krichbaum, Thomas Kuo, Cheng-Yu La Bella, Noemi R. Lauer, Tod Lee, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Leung, Po Kin Levis, Aviad Li, Zhiyuan Lico, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Lindqvist, Michael Lisakov, Mikhail Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Elisabetta Lo, Wen-Ping P. Lobanov, Andrei Loinard, Laurent J. Lonsdale, Colin Lu, Ru-Sen R. MacDonald, Nicholas Mao, Jirong Marchili, Nicola Markoff, Sera P. Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan Marti-Vidal, Ivan Matsushita, Satoki D. Matthews, Lynn Medeiros, Lia M. Menten, Karl Michalik, Daniel Mizuno, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke M. Moran, James Moriyama, Kotaro Mueller, Cornelia Mus, Alejandro Musoke, Gibwa Myserlis, Ioannis Nadolski, Andrew Nagai, Hiroshi M. Nagar, Neil Nakamura, Masanori Narayan, Ramesh Narayanan, Gopal Natarajan, Iniyan Nathanail, Antonios Fuentes, Santiago Navarro Neilsen, Joey Neri, Roberto Ni, Chunchong Noutsos, Aristeidis A. Nowak, Michael Oh, Junghwan Okino, Hiroki Olivares, Hector N. Ortiz-Leon, Gisela Oyama, Tomoaki oezel, Feryal Palumbo, Daniel C. M. Paraschos, Georgios Filippos Park, Jongho Parsons, Harriet Patel, Nimesh Pen, Ue-Li W. Pesce, Dominic Pietu, Vincent Plambeck, Richard PopStefanija, Aleksandar Porth, Oliver M. Poetzl, Felix A. Preciado-Lopez, Jorge Psaltis, Dimitrios Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Rao, Ramprasad G. Rawlings, Mark W. Raymond, Alexander Rezzolla, Luciano Ricarte, Angelo Ripperda, Bart Roelofs, Freek Rogers, Alan Ros, Eduardo Romero-Canizales, Cristina Roshanineshat, Arash Rottmann, Helge L. Roy, Alan Ruiz, Ignacio Ruszczyk, Chet Rygl, Kazi L. J. Sanchez, Salvador Sanchez-Argueelles, David Sanchez-Portal, Miguel Sasada, Mahito Satapathy, Kaushik Savolainen, Tuomas Schloerb, F. Peter Schonfeld, Jonathan Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shao, Lijing Shen, Zhiqiang Small, Des Sohn, Bong Won SooHoo, Jason Souccar, Kamal Sun, He Tazaki, Fumie J. Tetarenko, Alexandra Tiede, Paul Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Torne, Pablo Traianou, Efthalia Trent, Tyler Trippe, Sascha Turk, Matthew van Bemmel, Ilse van Langevelde, Huib Jan R. van Rossum, Daniel Vos, Jesse Wagner, Jan Ward-Thompson, Derek Wardle, John Weintroub, Jonathan Wex, Norbert Wharton, Robert Wielgus, Maciek Wiik, Kaj Witzel, Gunther F. Wondrak, Michael Wu, Qingwen Yamaguchi, Paul Yfantis, Aristomenis Yoon, Doosoo Young, Andre Young, Ken Yu, Wei Yuan, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Zensus, J. Anton Zhang, Shuo Zhao, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan |
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Keywords | M87 EVENT HORIZON TELESCOPE RESULTS. VI. ACCRETING BLACK-HOLES A-ASTERISK EMISSION SHADOW FLOWS I. |
Issue Date | 1-Jun-2023 |
Publisher | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL |
Abstract | Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GRRT codes used within the EHT Collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U, and V, respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties. |
URI | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/687309 |
ISSN | 0004-637X |
DOI | 10.3847/1538-4357/acc586 |
Indexed | SCI(E) |
Appears in Collections: | 物理学院 科维理天文与天体物理研究所 |