| Title | Attached Smoking Room Is a Source of PM2.5 in Adjacent Nonsmoking Areas |
| Authors | Du, Wei Wang, Jinze Chen, Yuanchen Pan, Bo Shen, Guofeng Lin, Nan |
| Affiliation | Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Environm Sci & Engn, Yunnan Prov Key Lab Soil Carbon Sequestrat & Pollu, Kunming 650500, Peoples R China Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Environm, Res Ctr Environm Sci, Key Lab Microbial Technol Ind Pollut Control Zheji, Hangzhou 310032, Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Shanghai 200025, Peoples R China |
| Keywords | LONG-TERM EXPOSURE HOUSEHOLD AIR-POLLUTION MORTALITY POLLUTANTS |
| Issue Date | 14-Feb-2023 |
| Publisher | INDOOR AIR |
| Abstract | The smoking ban is not working in some entertainment venues in China. PM2.5 pollution induced by cigarette smoking in these places is still unknown. In this study, we took mahjong clubs as target places, monitored the real-time PM2.5 concentration, and recorded on-site inspection information to investigate the PM2.5 pollution characteristics induced by cigarette smoking. In occupied and smoking rooms, the geomean and median values of PM2.5 concentration were 276 and 347 mu g/m(3). The number of smoking persons in room is the dominant factor to enhance PM2.5 levels. For each additional person smoking in the room, PM2.5 increased by 32% (95% CI: 31%, 33%). Regarding adjacent nonsmoking rooms, PM2.5 increased due to the air penetration from smoking rooms and the increase trend usually had a lag time of 20 minutes. The geomean values of PM2.5 concentrations were 109 mu g/m(3) in the nonsmoking and occupied rooms and 148 mu g/m(3) in the vacant rooms. To close the door of the room is the most effective measure to alleviate the PM2.5 penetration. The geomean values of 24-hour and annual average excess exposure concentration if spending 5 hours/day and 2 days/week in mahjong club were 32.1 and 9.2 mu g/m(3), respectively; both exceeded the World Health Organization's air quality guidelines, 15 and 5 mu g/m(3), respectively. Our results revealed severe PM2.5 pollution and exposure risk by cigarette smoking in entertainment venues, as well as the penetration effect on adjacent nonsmoking areas. The smoking bans should be strictly enforced in entertainment venues, and the setting of smoking areas in indoor public places should be scientific to avoid diffusion into nonsmoking areas. |
| URI | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/672850 |
| ISSN | 0905-6947 |
| DOI | 10.1155/2023/7290742 |
| Indexed | SCI(E) |
| Appears in Collections: | 城市与环境学院 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室 |
