| Title | Can Preschool Out-of-Kindergarten Tutoring Improve Approaches to Learning for Children? Evidence from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2012 to 2020 |
| Authors | Xue, Haiping Fang, Chenchen Shi, Jin Hu, Xiaoqing Qian, Fang |
| Affiliation | Capital Normal Univ, Coll Educ, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China Peking Univ, Natl Med Educ Dev Ctr, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ, Coll Presch Educ, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China |
| Keywords | SCHOOL READINESS EXTRACURRICULAR PARTICIPATION ORGANIZED ACTIVITY SHADOW EDUCATION ASSOCIATIONS TRAJECTORIES ACHIEVEMENT BEHAVIOR OUTCOMES PARENTS |
| Issue Date | Jan-2023 |
| Publisher | SUSTAINABILITY |
| Abstract | Based on data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020, this study used propensity-score matching to investigate whether preschool out-of-kindergarten tutoring impacts children's approaches to learning. We discovered the following: (1) approximately one sixth of the preschool children in the sample participated in out-of-kindergarten tutoring, and the participation rate increased year on year; (2) preschool children with a higher family socioeconomic status and a higher level of urbanization in their local area participated more in out-of-kindergarten tutoring; and (3) the effect of preschool out-of-kindergarten tutoring on improving children's approaches to learning was very limited. In particular, participation in subject-based tutoring to prepare for elementary school failed to improve children's approaches to learning. Based on the above findings, we recommend that parents make rational choices concerning preschool out-of-kindergarten tutoring, based on a comprehensive understanding of their children. In addition, the government should increase the systematic supervision and strict regulation of institutions that provide preschool out-of-kindergarten tutoring, while actively constructing a collaborative parenting system involving home, school, and community to promote children's healthy comprehensive development. |
| URI | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/671129 |
| DOI | 10.3390/su15021246 |
| Indexed | SCI(E) SSCI |
| Appears in Collections: | 待认领 |
