Title | Selective Dynamical Imaging of Interferometric Data |
Authors | Farah, Joseph Galison, Peter Akiyama, Kazunori Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Chael, Andrew Fuentes, Antonio Gomez, Jose L. Honma, Mareki Johnson, Michael D. Kofuji, Yutaro Marrone, Daniel P. Moriyama, Kotaro Narayan, Ramesh Pesce, Dominic W. Tiede, Paul Wielgus, Maciek Zhao, Guang-Yao Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Algaba, Juan Carlos Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczkovic, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Balokovic, Mislay Barrett, John Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond Boland, Wilfred Boyce, Hope Bremer, Michael Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Bustamente, Sandra Byun, Do-Young Carlstrom, John E. Chan, Chi-kwan Chatterjee, Koushik Chatterjee, Shami Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Cho, Ilje Christian, Pierre Conway, John E. Cordes, James M. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu Davelaar, Jordy De Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dempsey, Jessica Desvignes, Gregory Doeleman, Sheperd S. Eatough, Ralph P. Falcke, Heino Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Ed Ford, H. Alyson Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Friberg, Per Fromm, Christian M. Gammie, Charles F. Garc'a, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Goddi, Ciriaco Gold, Roman Gomez-Ruiz, Arturo, I Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Hecht, Michael H. Hesper, Ronald Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra Jorstad, Svetlana Jung, Taehyun Karami, Mansour Karuppusamy, Ramesh Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Carsten Kramer, Michael Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu Lauer, Tod R. Lee, Sang-Sung Levis, Aviad Li, Yan-Rong Li, Zhiyuan Lico, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Lindqvist, Michael Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Elisabetta Lo, Wen-Ping Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lonsdale, Colin Lu, Ru-Sen MacDonald, Nicholas R. Mao, Jirong Marchili, Nicola Markoff, Sera Marscher, Alan P. Marti-Vidal, Ivan Matsushita, Satoki Matthews, Lynn D. Medeiros, Lia Menten, Karl M. Mizuno, Izumi Mizuno, Yosuke Moran, James M. Moscibrodzka, Monika Muller, Cornelia Mejas, Alejandro Mus Musoke, Gibwa Nagai, Hiroshi Nagar, Neil M. Nakamura, Masanori Narayanan, Gopal Natarajan, Iniyan Nathanail, Antonios Neilsen, Joey Neri, Roberto Ni, Chunchong Noutsos, Aristeidis Nowak, Michael A. Okino, Hiroki Olivares, Hector Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N. Oyama, Tomoaki Zel, Feryal Palumbo, Daniel C. M. Park, Jongho Patel, Nimesh Pen, Ue-Li Pietu, Vincent Plambeck, Richard PopStefanija, Aleksandar Porth, Oliver Potzl, Felix M. Prather, Ben Preciado-Lopez, Jorge A. Psaltis, Dimitrios Pu, Hung-Yi Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Rao, Ramprasad Rawlings, Mark G. Raymond, Alexander W. Rezzolla, Luciano Ripperda, Bart Roelofs, Freek Rogers, Alan Ros, Eduardo Rose, Mel Roshanineshat, Arash Rottmann, Helge Roy, Alan L. Ruszczyk, Chet Rygl, Kazi L. J. Sanchez, Salvador Sanchez-Arguelles, David Sasada, Mahito Savolainen, Tuomas Schloerb, F. Peter Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shao, Lijing Shen, Zhiqiang Small, Des Sohn, Bong Won SooHoo, Jason Sun, He Tazaki, Fumie Tetarenko, Alexandra J. Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Toma, Kenji Torne, Pablo Traianou, Efthalia Trent, Tyler Trippe, Sascha van Bemmel, Ilse van Langevelde, Huib Jan van Rossum, Daniel R. Wagner, Jan Ward-Thompson, Derek Wardle, John Weintroub, Jonathan Wex, Norbert Wharton, Robert Wiik, Kaj Wong, George N. Wu, Qingwen Yoon, Doosoo Young, Andre Young, Ken Younsi, Ziri Yuan, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Zensus, J. Anton Zhao, Shan-Shan |
Affiliation | Cumbres Observ, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA Harvard Univ, Black Hole Initiat, 20 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Harvard Univ, Dept Hist Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA MIT, Haystack Observ, 99 Millstone Rd, Westford, MA 01886 USA Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan Ctr Astrophys Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA CALTECH, 1200 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA Princeton Univ, Princeton Ctr Theoret Sci, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA NASA Hubble Fellowship Program, Washington, DC USA CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain CiSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mizusawa VLBI Observ, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Oshu, Iwate 0230861, Japan Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Dept Astron Sci, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 2211, Japan Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, 200 Univ Ave, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada Univ Waterloo, Waterloo Ctr Astrophys, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany Univ Malaya, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 11F Astron Math Bldg,AS NTU 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain Univ Valencia, Observ Astron, C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS209,POB 500, Batavia, MS 60510 USA Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA East Asian Observ, 660 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA Nederlandse Onderzoeksch Astron NOVA, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada McGill Univ, McGill Space Inst, 3550 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada Inst Radioastron Millimetr, 300 Rue Piscine, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, 31 Caroline St N, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daedeok Daero 776, Daejeon 34055, South Korea Univ Sci & Technol, Gajeong Ro 217, Daejeon 34113, South Korea Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, 5720 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 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Naples, Italy Compl Univ Monte S Angelo, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Edificio G,Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy Univ Witwatersrand, Wits Ctr Astrophys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa Univ Pretoria, Dept Phys, ZA-0028 Pretoria, South Africa Rhodes Univ, Ctr Radio Astron Tech & Technol, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Makhanda, South Africa Univ Paris, Observ Paris, Sorbonne Univ, CNRS,LESIA,Univ PSL, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy Univ Southern Denmark, CP3 Origins, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Apartado Postal 51 & 216, Puebla 72000, Pue, Mexico Consejo Nacl Ciencia & Technol, Av Insurgentes Sur 1582, Ciudad De Mexico 03940, Mexico Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NOVA Sub Mm Instrumentat Grp, Landleven 12, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China Inst Stat Math, 10-3 Midori Cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 1908562, Japan Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Dept Stat Sci, 10-3 Midori Cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 1908562, Japan Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan Joint Inst VLBI ERIC JIVE, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands Kogakuin Univ Technol & Engn, Acad Support Ctr, 2665-1 Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920015, Japan Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Phys Dept, 70 Lien Hai Rd, Kaosiung City 80424, Taiwan Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Key Lab Particle Astrophys, 19B Yuquan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China Nanjing Univ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China INAF Ist Radioastron, Italian ALMA Reg Ctr, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Cdmx 04510, Mexico Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Astron Megasci, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, Peoples R China Univ Amsterdam, Gravitat Astroparticle Phys Amsterdam GRAPPA Inst, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, 1 Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Tsung Dao Lee Inst, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China Univ Concepcion, Astron Dept, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile Hachinohe Coll, Natl Inst Technol, 16-1 Uwanotai, Hachinohe, Aomori 0391192, Japan South African Radio Astron Observ, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa Villanova Univ, Mendel Sci Ctr, Rm 263B,800 E Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA Washington Univ, Phys Dept, CB 1105, St Louis, MO 63130 USA Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada Canadian Inst Adv Res, 180 Dundas St W, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Phys, 88,Sec 4,Tingzhou Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, Ruth Moufang Str 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Math, Dublin 2, Ireland Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA Inst Radioastron Milimetr, IRAM, Ave Divina Pastora 7,Local 20, E-18012 Granada, Spain Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan Aalto Univ, Dept Elect & Nanoengn, PL 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Metsahovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Yonsei Ro 50, Seoul 03722, South Korea Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ Allegro, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands Netherlands Org Sci Res NWO, Postbus 93138, NL-2509 AC The Hague, Netherlands Tohoku Univ, Frontier Res Inst Interdisciplinary Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan Tohoku Univ, Astron Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 08826, South Korea Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Postbus 2300, NL-9513 RA Leiden, Netherlands Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England Brandeis Univ, Phys Dept, 415 South St, Waltham, MA 02453 USA Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, Turku, Finland Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Phys, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Astron & Space Sci, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China, Astron Dept, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China |
Keywords | SCALE STRUCTURE HORIZON M87 SHADOW ALGORITHM MASS |
Issue Date | 1-May-2022 |
Publisher | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS |
Abstract | Recent developments in very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) have made it possible for the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) to resolve the innermost accretion flows of the largest supermassive black holes on the sky. The sparse nature of the EHT's (u, v)-coverage presents a challenge when attempting to resolve highly time-variable sources. We demonstrate that the changing (u, v)-coverage of the EHT can contain regions of time over the course of a single observation that facilitate dynamical imaging. These optimal time regions typically have projected baseline distributions that are approximately angularly isotropic and radially homogeneous. We derive a metric of coverage quality based on baseline isotropy and density that is capable of ranking array configurations by their ability to produce accurate dynamical reconstructions. We compare this metric to existing metrics in the literature and investigate their utility by performing dynamical reconstructions on synthetic data from simulated EHT observations of sources with simple orbital variability. We then use these results to make recommendations for imaging the 2017 EHT Sgr A* data set. |
URI | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/646481 |
ISSN | 2041-8205 |
DOI | 10.3847/2041-8213/ac6615 |
Indexed | SCI(E) |
Appears in Collections: | 物理学院 科维理天文与天体物理研究所 |