| Title | A Universal Power-law Prescription for Variability from Synthetic Images of Black Hole Accretion Flows |
| Authors | Georgiev, Boris Pesce, Dominic W. Broderick, Avery E. Wong, George N. Dhruv, Vedant Wielgus, Maciek Gammie, Charles F. Chan, Chi-kwan Chatterjee, Koushik Emami, Razieh Mizuno, Yosuke Gold, Roman Fromm, Christian M. Ricarte, Angelo Yoon, Doosoo Joshi, Abhishek, V Prather, Ben Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Johnson, Michael D. Porth, Oliver Olivares, Hector Younsi, Ziri Rezzolla, Luciano Vos, Jesse Qiu, Richard Nathanail, Antonios Narayan, Ramesh Chael, Andrew Anantua, Richard Moscibrodzka, Monika Akiyama, Kazunori Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Algaba, Juan Carlos Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Bach, Uwe Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Balokovic, Mislav Barrett, John Baubock, Michi Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Boyce, Hope Bremer, Michael Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Bustamante, Sandra Byun, Do-Young Carlstrom, John E. Ceccobello, Chiara Chatterjee, Shami Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Cheng, Xiaopeng Cho, Ilje Christian, Pierre Conroy, Nicholas S. Conway, John E. Cordes, James M. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cui, Yuzhu Davelaar, Jordy De Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dempsey, Jessica Desvignes, Gregory Dexter, Jason Doeleman, Sheperd S. Dougal, Sean Dzib, Sergio A. Eatough, Ralph P. Falcke, Heino Farah, Joseph Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Ed Ford, H. Alyson Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Freeman, William T. Friberg, Per Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter Garcia, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Goddi, Ciriaco Gomez-Ruiz, Arturo, I Gomez, Jose L. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Haworth, Kari Hecht, Michael H. Hesper, Ronald Heumann, Dirk Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra Jorstad, Svetlana Jung, Taehyun Karami, Mansour Karuppusamy, Ramesh Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Koay, Jun Yi Kocherlakota, Prashant Kofuji, Yutaro Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Carsten Kramer, Michael Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu La Bella, Noemi Lauer, Tod R. Lee, Daeyoung Lee, Sang-Sung Lehner, Luis Leung, Po Kin Levis, Aviad Li, Zhiyuan Lico, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Lindqvist, Michael Lisakov, Mikhail Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Elisabetta Lo, Wen-Ping Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lonsdale, Colin J. Lu, Ru-Sen Mao, Jirong Marchili, Nicola Markoff, Sera Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Marti-Vidal, Ivan Matsushita, Satoki Matthews, Lynn D. Menten, Karl M. Michalik, Daniel Mizuno, Izumi Moran, James M. Moriyama, Kotaro Muller, Cornelia Mus, Alejandro Musoke, Gibwa Myserlis, Ioannis Nadolski, Andrew Nagai, Hiroshi Nagar, Neil M. Nakamura, Masanori Narayanan, Gopal Natarajan, Iniyan Fuentes, Santiago Navarro Neilsen, Joey Neri, Roberto Ni, Chunchong Noutsos, Aristeidis Nowak, Michael A. Oh, Junghwan Okino, Hiroki Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N. Oyama, Tomoaki Palumbo, Daniel C. M. Paraschos, Georgios Filippos Park, Jongho Parsons, Harriet Patel, Nimesh Pen, Ue-Li Pietu, Vincent Plambeck, Richard PopStefanija, Aleksandar Potzl, Felix M. Preciado-Lopez, Jorge A. Pu, Hung-Yi Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Rao, Ramprasad Rawlings, Mark G. Raymond, Alexander W. Ripperda, Bart Roelofs, Freek Rogers, Alan Ros, Eduardo Romero-Canizales, Cristina Roshanineshat, Arash Rottmann, Helge Roy, Alan L. Ruiz, Ignacio Ruszczyk, Chet Rygl, Kazi L. J. Sanchez, Salvador Sanchez-Arguelles, David Sanchez-Portal, Miguel Sasada, Mahito Satapathy, Kaushik Savolainen, Tuomas Schloerb, F. Peter Schonfeld, Jonathan Schuster, Karl-Friedrich Shao, Lijing Shen, Zhiqiang Small, Des Sohn, Bong Won SooHoo, Jason Souccar, Kamal Sun, He Tazaki, Fumie Tetarenko, Alexandra J. Tiede, Paul Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Torne, Pablo Traianou, Efthalia Trent, Tyler Trippe, Sascha Turk, Matthew van Bemmel, Ilse van Langevelde, Huib Jan van Rossum, Daniel R. Wagner, Jan Ward-Thompson, Derek Wardle, John Weintroub, Jonathan Wex, Norbert Wharton, Robert Wiik, Kaj Witzel, Gunther Wondrak, Michael F. Wu, Qingwen Yamaguchi, Paul Young, Andre Young, Ken Yuan, Feng Yuan, Ye-Fei Zensus, J. Anton Zhang, Shuo Zhao, Guang-Yao Zhao, Shan-Shan |
| Affiliation | Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, 200 Univ Ave, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada Univ Waterloo, Waterloo Ctr Astrophys, 200 Univ Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, 31 Caroline St N, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada Ctr Astrophys Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Harvard Univ, Black Hole Initiat, 20 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, 1 Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA Princeton Univ, Princeton Grav Initiat, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA Univ Illinois, NCSA, 1205 W Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA Univ Arizona, Data Sci Inst, 1230 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA Univ 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| Keywords | SAGITTARIUS A-ASTERISK MAGNETICALLY ARRESTED ACCRETION MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS GRMHD SIMULATIONS GALACTIC-CENTER M87 MILLIMETER SHADOW SCHEME JET |
| Issue Date | 1-May-2022 |
| Publisher | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS |
| Abstract | We present a framework for characterizing the spatiotemporal power spectrum of the variability expected from the horizon-scale emission structure around supermassive black holes, and we apply this framework to a library of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations and associated general relativistic ray-traced images relevant for Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of Sgr A*. We find that the variability power spectrum is generically a red-noise process in both the temporal and spatial dimensions, with the peak in power occurring on the longest timescales and largest spatial scales. When both the time-averaged source structure and the spatially integrated light-curve variability are removed, the residual power spectrum exhibits a universal broken power-law behavior. On small spatial frequencies, the residual power spectrum rises as the square of the spatial frequency and is proportional to the variance in the centroid of emission. Beyond some peak in variability power, the residual power spectrum falls as that of the time-averaged source structure, which is similar across simulations; this behavior can be naturally explained if the variability arises from a multiplicative random field that has a steeper high-frequency power-law index than that of the time-averaged source structure. We briefly explore the ability of power spectral variability studies to constrain physical parameters relevant for the GRMHD simulations, which can be scaled to provide predictions for black holes in a range of systems in the optically thin regime. We present specific expectations for the behavior of the M87* and Sgr A* accretion flows as observed by the EHT. |
| URI | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/643346 |
| ISSN | 2041-8205 |
| DOI | 10.3847/2041-8213/ac65eb |
| Indexed | SCI(E) |
| Appears in Collections: | 物理学院 科维理天文与天体物理研究所 |
