PKUIR Collection: library - 开云app体育

美国预见性情报工作的组织管理及启示研究

2024-06-21T03:59:41Z

Title: 美国预见性情报工作的组织管理及启示研究 Authors: 李国俊; 王延飞; 徐扬 Abstract: 本文旨在探索美国情报机构开展预见性情报工作的实践经验，为我国情报机构提供借鉴和启示。以美国情报高级研究计划局(IARPA)发起的四个预见性情报项目为案例，分析了它们的任务场景、有组织科研模式、实施过程和影响力；从任务场景的内涵、线索的来源、评判的指标、团队的建设等四个方面，梳理了预见性情报工作的实践流程；从跨领域的协同、量化的评估、科商的双赢、多元的团队、影响的评估等五个方面，总结了预见性情报工作的特点和启示，并提出了我国情报机构开展预见性情报工作的若干建议。; 本文旨在探索美国情报机构开展预见性情报工作的实践经验，为我国情报机构提供借鉴和启示。以美国情报高级研究计划局(IARPA)发起的四个预见性情报项目为案例，分析了它们的任务场景、有组织科研模式、实施过程和影响力；从任务场景的内涵、线索的来源、评判的指标、团队的建设等四个方面，梳理了预见性情报工作的实践流程；从跨领域的协同、量化的评估、科商的双赢、多元的团队、影响的评估等五个方面，总结了预见性情报工作的特点和启示，并提出了我国情报机构开展预见性情报工作的若干建议。

瓶装数据：一种极端环境下的终端数据安全新机制

2024-06-21T03:39:10Z

Title: 瓶装数据：一种极端环境下的终端数据安全新机制 Authors: 支录奎; 郑方; 国强; 成舸; 支野 Abstract: <正>在现实生活中，移动终端（手机）是必不可少的数据交互工具.工具使用的效果不仅仅在于手机本身，更重要的是在于网络应用环境是否给力，如果在网络极端环境下终端数据交互不尽人意时，如何另辟蹊径，在网络异常时终端数据仍然可正常交互.提出一种新的理念瓶装数据：一种极端环境下的终端数据安全新机制，其主要创新点在于，当网络异常前事先将个人数据存放在离线的数据“瓶子”里，同时将生物比对模板也同样装在自已的数据“瓶子”里，一旦网络中断“瓶子”里的数据不受到任何网络影响，实现身份认证并与离线读卡器进行数据安全交互.

Association of longitudinal trajectories of general and abdominal adiposity during middle age with mental health and well-being in late life: A prospective analysis

2024-06-20T13:48:40Z

Title: Association of longitudinal trajectories of general and abdominal adiposity during middle age with mental health and well-being in late life: A prospective analysis Authors: Qin, Huibo; Hu, Gang; Liang, Zhengting; Jin, Xin; Chen, Xiaodong; Su, Binbin; Bao, Yanping; Ouyang, Jing; Wang, Yunhe Abstract: Single measures of adiposity markers, such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), are associated with adverse mental health outcomes; however, long -term patterns of adiposity and their health effects remain unclear. The current study assessed adiposity trajectories during a 14-year span beyond middle age and their relevance to mental well-being in late life, and the contribution of genetic and lifestyle factors to the trajectories. Based on a nationally representative sample with longitudinal anthropometric measures, adiposity trajectories were identified by latent mixture modeling, and logistic regression model was used to estimate their associations with mental well-being, with adjustment for confounders. Of the 3491 eligible participants included (mean [SD] age, 69.5 [8.9] years), five discrete BMI and four WC trajectory patterns were identified over 14 years. Compared with the low-stable BMI group (range, 22.8 to 22.9 kg/m 2 ; representing stable healthy body weight), the high-stable group (range, 34.3 to 35.4 kg/m 2 ; stable obese) was associated with increased risk of depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.63; 95 % CI, 1.28 -2.07) and low subjective well-being (OR, 1.35; 95 % CI, 1.02 -1.79). Compared with the low-stable WC group (range, 75 to 79 cm healthy WC), the high-increasing group (range, 114 to 121 cm) was associated with increased risk of depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.64; 95 % CI, 1.19 -2.25) and low well-being (OR, 1.48; 95 % CI, 1.01 -2.16). The adiposity trajectories, especially the highstable/increasing groups, were driven by genetic factors in a dose-response manner, whereas the high/ moderate-increasing groups were also behaviorally related. This longitudinal cohort study reveals that stably high trajectory patterns of central and general adiposity during middle age were associated with higher risk of depression and low well-being in late life. The findings indicate the importance of weight management beyond middle age, such as adherence to a healthy lifestyle, in promoting mental health and well-being.

国家标准《图书在版编目数据》的修订：内容、变化与特点

2024-06-20T09:33:35Z

Title: 国家标准《图书在版编目数据》的修订：内容、变化与特点 Authors: 张璐; 张明东 Abstract: [目的/意义]作为开展图书在版编目（cataloguing in publication, CIP）工作的关键依据，经过全面深入修订，国家标准《图书在版编目数据》（GB/T 12451—2023）已正式发布。对新版CIP标准修订内容、变化与特点的深入分析，能够帮助相关领域更全面理解新版CIP标准的内容与规则，推动标准的落实与发展。[方法/过程]在梳理国内外图书在版编目工作发展基础上，总结新版CIP标准的修订过程与主要内容，从4个方面深入分析其重要变化，并探讨其特点。[结果/结论]新版CIP标准的重要变化体现在术语的补充与修改、描述数据内容与标引规则的细化、检索数据内容与标引规则的修改、印刷内容与格式的简化调整4个方面。CIP标准的修订对于满足新时代书目数据发展需求，进一步规范图书在版编目工作，提升数据质量，促进跨行业书目数据的共建共享，并推进未来CIP数据的数字化发展具有重要意义。; [目的/意义]作为开展图书在版编目（cataloguing in publication, CIP）工作的关键依据，经过全面深入修订，国家标准《图书在版编目数据》（GB/T 12451—2023）已正式发布。对新版CIP标准修订内容、变化与特点的深入分析，能够帮助相关领域更全面理解新版CIP标准的内容与规则，推动标准的落实与发展。[方法/过程]在梳理国内外图书在版编目工作发展基础上，总结新版CIP标准的修订过程与主要内容，从4个方面深入分析其重要变化，并探讨其特点。[结果/结论]新版CIP标准的重要变化体现在术语的补充与修改、描述数据内容与标引规则的细化、检索数据内容与标引规则的修改、印刷内容与格式的简化调整4个方面。CIP标准的修订对于满足新时代书目数据发展需求，进一步规范图书在版编目工作，提升数据质量，促进跨行业书目数据的共建共享，并推进未来CIP数据的数字化发展具有重要意义。